WATER POLLUTION

  INTRODUCTION TO WATER POLLUTION 

Generally speaking water pollution is a state of deviation from the pure condition whereby its normal properties and function are affected.To be more precise water pollution can be defined as "the presence of some foreign substances or impurities in water in such quantity so as to constitute a health hazard by lowering the water quality and making in until for use."Some of the earliest noticeable signs of water pollution. 

SOURCES OF WATER POLLUTION

1.Natural sources - natural pollution may be due to aerial contaminants entering the water body 

                               due to rainfall or melting of ice. Decaying of plants animals and organic matter,

                               leachates from animal excreta will introduce micro-organisms in water.

2.Industrial pollution - Industrial pollution of water will be due to the effluents coming from various 

                                     includes such as food and drugs,chemical,energy,etc.Accidental spillage of 

                                     chemical during loading and transit; and accidental leakage from industrial 

                                     storage tanks,oil refineries etc.

3.Agricultural sources - Agricultural pollution of water will be due to soil and silt washing from

                                       land surfaces,fertilizeres,insecticides,pesticides and weed killers.

4.Mining sources - Mining pollution of water will be due to fines or tailings from ore washing inert
                               suspended solid,soluble toxic material and acid drainage.

5.Municipal sources - Municipal pollution of water will be due to sewage obtained from domestic
                                    premises,institutions ,commercial and industrial buildings.

CLASSIFICATION OF WATER POLLUTION

1.Organic pollution                        2.Inorganic pollution
3.Radioactive pollution                 4.Suspended solid and sediments
5.Heat

EFFECTS OF WATER POLLUTION

1.Physical effects                            2.Oxidation effects
3.Toxic chemical                            4.Chemical nutrient effects
5.Micro-organism effects               6.Radionuclide effects
7.Eutrophication of lakes